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智能化程度日益提高的大數據算法將決定我們能看到哪些信息，決定商家為我們提供哪些產品，決定生活會為我們提供哪些機會，因此，我們可以把這些算法看成社會中新近產生的“權力掮客”。在大數據時代，我們或者有心，或者無意，將越來越多的決策交給自動算法來完成。問題在于，在滿足哪些條件之后，我們才會讓大數據算法接管我們的決策權？就如人工智能專家丹尼·希利斯說的那樣，我們是否需要進行審核跟蹤？是否需要智能系統解釋它利用軟件生成的決定是如何做出的（也就是希利斯說的“講故事”）？
　　大數據的發展前景似乎與斯派克·瓊斯執導、2013年12月上映的電影《她》非常相似。這絕不是我信口開河的說法，有幾位計算機科學家在與我交談時都提到了這部電影。影片中，代表大數據發展前景的是主角西奧多·托姆布雷（喬昆·菲尼克斯飾）通過智能手機使用，并輸入各類信息的一款智能軟件。這款名叫薩曼莎的軟件助手通過語音（斯嘉麗·約翰遜配音）交流，成為他的得力助手，但是后來，它承擔的工作越來越多，開始幫他回答問題，處理電子郵件和文本信息。而且總體看來，它對西奧多的一切似乎都了如指掌，包括他的個人歷史、喜好、品味、讀過哪些書、看過哪些電影、買過哪些商品，等等。
　　用人工智能行業的術語來說，薩曼莎是一個對話系統，也就是說，它可以與人對話，而且通過這些對話獲取信息、建立自己的知識庫，其實這就是加強版的機器學習軟件。加利福尼亞通信及信息技術研究院首位院長拉里·斯瑪爾說：“這種機器學習軟件就是我們努力的目標。10年之后，超個性化輔助將變成司空見慣的事?！彪娪啊端窞檫@個目標設定的實現時間是2025年。
　　如果數據驅動的人工智能果真能如此，我們會覺得很酷還是害怕呢？對于我們大多數人而言，可能是二者兼有。即使真有可能成功，開發出擬人程度那么高的技術也需要一定的時間。真的可以設計出能提供高度個性化建議的數字問答機器嗎？這毫無疑問是可以的。人工智能可以做到以假亂真、讓人無法分辨的擬人程度嗎？我對此表示懷疑。幾年前，《紐約時報》以“超出你想象般聰明”為題，刊登了討論人工智能進展情況的系列文章。這項技術的確令人贊嘆，而且還在不斷發展。但是，在完成這些報道時，我不由自主地想到一個問題：人類大腦，也就是我們被稱作人類一般性智力的那個神奇的東西，到底是什么呢？在與人工智能專家們交流時，我們也經常會討論這個問題。一般智力指毫不費力地利用生活體驗、建立直覺式關聯性和完成快速決策的能力，也就是丹尼爾·卡尼曼所說的“快思維”。人類的大腦相當于一個處理器，在狹小的空間里儲備有令人難以置信的計算能力，而功率僅為20瓦。相比之下，在《危險游戲》電視競技節目中擊敗人類冠軍的沃森計算機的功率要大得多，高達85 000瓦。
　　數據的種類越來越多，再加上人類編程人員編寫出智能水平越來越高的算法，這種良性循環借助大數據的力量，將推動人工智能領域煥發出新的生命力。但是，機器學習能完成的任務越多，人類對自身的了解就會越深入。斯瑪爾說：“人的本質到底是什么？在接下來的20年時間里，隨著大數據技術的不斷發展，我們將會越來越深入地思考這個問題?！?/textarea> </label>
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